Haliangium ochraceum DSM 14365

Haliangium_ochraceum
Names Haliangium ochraceum DSM 14365
Accession numbers NC_013440
Background Haliangium ochraceum (strain DSM 14365 / JCM 11303 / SMP-2) is an aerobic, obligate halophilic Gram-negative myxobacterium isolated from seaweed collected from a sandy beach in Kanagawa, Japan. Myxobacteria are unicellular bacteria that are characterized by complicated multicellular behaviors, which make them highly unusual. Myxobacterial cells move by gliding in swarms on solid surfaces, feed by cooperatively digesting macromolecules as well as whole microorganisms, and form multicellular fruiting bodies on solid surfaces. Myxobacteria have usually been regarded as soil bacteria due to their special requirement for social behavior, especially the development of the multicellular resting form, the fruiting body. The fruiting body structure, which so far is the only known way for myxobacteria to resist adversity in nature, can only be generated on solid surfaces. However, myxobacteria have been found many times in various marine samples. H. ochraceum is unable to grow without NaCl. The concentration required for growth ranged from 0.2% to 5%, and the optimal concentration is between 1% and 3%. The cell length and the morphology of the fruiting body-like structure do not change in response to salts. H.ochraceum develops a few fruiting body-like structures in the center of a swarm and grows in tight clumps. Its growth is very dependent on cell density. So far, H. ochraceum has been phylogenetically assigned to novel genera. Considering that no closely related (phylogenetically and morphogenetically) myxobacteria have been found in soil yet, it is suggested that the halophilic myxobacteria might form a different evolutionary group that is indigenous to the ocean. (Adaptated from PMID: 15933036). (EBI Integr8)
Taxonomy
Kingdom:Bacteria
Phylum:Proteobacteria
Class:Deltaproteobacteria
Order:Myxococcales
Family:Haliangiaceae
Genus:Haliangium
Species:ochraceum
Strain DSM 14365
Complete Yes
Sequencing centre (21-OCT-2009) US DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598-1698, USA
(27-OCT-2009) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
Sequencing quality Level 6: Finished
Sequencing depth NA
Sequencing method Sanger, 454-GS-FLX
Isolation site Coastal sands from Miura Peninsula, Japan
Isolation country Japan
Number of replicons 1
Gram staining properties Negative
Shape Bacilli
Mobility Yes
Flagellar presence Yes
Number of membranes 2
Oxygen requirements Aerobic
Optimal temperature NA
Temperature range Mesophilic
Habitat Aquatic
Biotic relationship Free living
Host name NA
Cell arrangement NA
Sporulation Sporulating
Metabolism NA
Energy source Chemoorganotroph
Diseases NA
Pathogenicity No