Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii DSM 44385

Corynebacterium_kroppenstedtii
Names Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii DSM 44385
Accession numbers NC_012704
Background Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii (strain DSM 44385 / CCUG 35717) is a Gram-positive bacterium isolated from sputum of an 82-year-old female with pulmonary disease. C.kroppenstedtii is phenotypically readily distinguished from most other corynebacteria in lacking the so-called (coryno)mycolic acids, alpha-alkyl-beta-hydroxy long-chain fatty acids with approximately 22-35 carbon atoms that are important structural components of the corynebacterial cell envelope. It is characterized by its lipophilic (lipid-requiring) phenotype and is unable to grow on synthetic media lacking lipid supplementation. It possesses a large repertoire of genes involved in sugar uptake and central carbohydrate metabolism and the presence of the mevalonate route for isoprenoid biosynthesis. The lack of mycolic acids and the lipophilic lifestyle of C. kroppenstedtii are apparently caused by gene loss, including a condensase gene cluster, a mycolate reductase gene, and a microbial type I fatty acid synthase gene. A complete oxidation pathway involved in the degradation of fatty acids is present in the genome. Evaluation of the genomic data indicated that lipophilism is the dominant feature involved in pathogenicity of C. kroppenstedtii. C.kroppenstedtii is rarely recognized in human clinical samples, but it is recovered from respiratory specimens as well as from breast tissue, pus or deep wound swaps of patients with mastitis. Pathological data reveals an association between infection by C. kroppenstedtii and inflammatory breast disease. The pathogenicity of C. kroppenstedtii might be associated with its ability to colonize fat globules, in which the organism can apparently multiply irrespective of the neutrophil response. (Adaptated from PMID: 18430482). (HAMAP: CORK4)
Taxonomy
Kingdom:Bacteria
Phylum:Actinobacteria
Class:Actinobacteria
Order:Actinomycetales
Family:Corynebacteriaceae
Genus:Corynebacterium
Species:kroppenstedtii
Strain DSM 44385
Complete Yes
Sequencing centre (13-MAY-2009) Department of Genetics, Bielefeld University, Universitaetsstrasse 25, Bielefeld, NRW 33615, Germany
(19-MAY-2009) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
Sequencing quality Level 6: Finished
Sequencing depth NA
Sequencing method 454-GS-FLX
Isolation site Human sputum of a 82-year-old woman with pulmonary disease
Isolation country Sweden
Number of replicons 1
Gram staining properties Positive
Shape Bacilli
Mobility No
Flagellar presence No
Number of membranes 1
Oxygen requirements Facultative
Optimal temperature NA
Temperature range Mesophilic
Habitat HostAssociated
Biotic relationship Free living
Host name Homo sapiens
Cell arrangement Singles
Sporulation Nonsporulating
Metabolism NA
Energy source Chemoorganotroph
Diseases NA
Pathogenicity Yes