Rickettsia africae ESF-5
Names | Rickettsia africae ESF-5 |
---|---|
Accession numbers | NC_012633, NC_012634 |
Background | Rickettsiae are obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacteria mostly found in arthropods, some of which cause mild to severe diseases in humans. Over the last ten years, Rickettsia africae has emerged as the causative agent of African tick-bite fever, the most common spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiosis. It's success as an infectious agent is probably due in part to increased tourism, and it is now found in the Caribbean, probably due to importation of infected cattle. It is highly prevalent in its host ticks (Amblyomma sp.), being present in up to 100%; in addition it does not seem to be detrimental to its hosts. By comparison with R. conorii, the second most prevalent SFG rickettsia in Africa (RICCN) R. africae exhibits a higher prevalence in ticks, a lower virulence in humans, and a greater genetic homogeneity. It may be a recently emerged species. Interestingly in the Rickettsia increased virulence results from gene inactivation. The ESF-5 strain, first isolated in from an Amblyomma variegatum tick collected from cattle in the Shulu province of Ethiopia in 1966, may have undergone loss or rearrangement of plasmid or chromosomal genes during multiple passages in cell culture. It also appears that depending on the geographic location, the plasmid of R. africae may be unstable (adapted from PubMed 19379498). (EBI Integr8) |
Taxonomy | |
Kingdom: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Proteobacteria |
Class: | Alphaproteobacteria |
Order: | Rickettsiales |
Family: | Rickettsiaceae |
Genus: | Rickettsia |
Species: | africae |
Strain | ESF5 |
Complete | Yes |
Sequencing centre | (14-APR-2009) Unite des Rickettsies, Faculte de Medecine, 27 Blvd Jean Moulin, Marseille cedex5 13385, France (29-APR-2009) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA |
Sequencing quality | Level 6: Finished |
Sequencing depth | NA |
Sequencing method | WGS |
Isolation site | Cattle tick Amblyomma variegatum collected in Ethiopia |
Isolation country | Ethiopia |
Number of replicons | 2 |
Gram staining properties | Negative |
Shape | Bacilli |
Mobility | No |
Flagellar presence | No |
Number of membranes | 2 |
Oxygen requirements | Aerobic |
Optimal temperature | NA |
Temperature range | Mesophilic |
Habitat | HostAssociated |
Biotic relationship | Symbiotic |
Host name | Homo sapiens |
Cell arrangement | NA |
Sporulation | Nonsporulating |
Metabolism | NA |
Energy source | NA |
Diseases | African Tick-Bite Fever |
Pathogenicity | Yes |
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies
Pyrimidine metabolism
D-Alanine metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
One carbon pool by folate
Lipoic acid metabolism
Folate biosynthesis
Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis
Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies
Pyrimidine metabolism
D-Alanine metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
One carbon pool by folate
Lipoic acid metabolism
Folate biosynthesis
Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis
NCBI Genomes
NC_012633NC_012634