Mycobacterium bovis BCG str. Tokyo 172

Mycobacterium_bovis
Names Mycobacterium bovis BCG str. Tokyo 172
Accession numbers NC_012207
Background Mycobacterium bovis is a major cause of tuberculosis in a range of animal species and man. It was also the progenitor of the M.bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) strain used as a vaccine against tuberculosis. BCG was derived by serial passages on slices of potato imbibed with glycerol for 13 years. Once the strain was proven to no longer be virulent it was disseminated and different laboratories continued this passaging. This particular strain, M.bovis BCG 1173P2, has been passaged 1,173 times at the Pasteur Institute Paris, France. Different centers have different stocks of BCG, which have continued to change with time, accumulating insertion, deletion and single nucleotide polymorphisms. M.bovis BCG 1173P2 has two independent tandem duplications, DU1 and DU2; DU1 is found only in this Pasteur strain whereas different forms of DU2 are found in different BCG strains. A genealogy of BCG strains is presented in the paper as well as transcriptomic analysis of several different early and late BCG strains. It is suggested that the strains currently used for vaccine production are not optimal and that an earlier derived strain, such as those still used in Japan, might make a better vaccine, a suggestion that the authors recommend should be tested in clinical trials. (EBI Integr8)
Taxonomy
Kingdom:Bacteria
Phylum:Actinobacteria
Class:Actinobacteria
Order:Actinomycetales
Family:Mycobacteriaceae
Genus:Mycobacterium
Species:bovis
Strain Tokyo 172
Complete Yes
Sequencing centre (10-MAR-2009) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
(22-OCT-2008) Contact:Masaaki Seki Japan BCG Laboratory
Matsuyama 3-1-5, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-0022, Japan
Sequencing quality Level 6: Finished
Sequencing depth NA
Sequencing method Sanger
Isolation site NA
Isolation country NA
Number of replicons 1
Gram staining properties Positive
Shape Bacilli
Mobility No
Flagellar presence No
Number of membranes 1
Oxygen requirements Aerobic
Optimal temperature NA
Temperature range Mesophilic
Habitat HostAssociated
Biotic relationship Free living
Host name Homo sapiens
Cell arrangement Singles
Sporulation Nonsporulating
Metabolism NA
Energy source Chemoorganotroph
Diseases NA
Pathogenicity Yes