Agrobacterium radiobacter K84

Agrobacterium_radiobacter
Names Agrobacterium radiobacter K84
Accession numbers NC_011983, NC_011985, NC_011987, NC_011990, NC_011994
Background Agrobacterium are Gram-negative, motile, soil-dwelling plant pathogens with the species name given based on the disease phenotype associated with the bacteria. They invade the crown, roots and stems of a great variety of plants via wounds causing tumors. The diseases are crown gall, hairy root, and cane gall. Some strains possess a wide host range, whereas other possess a very limited host range. The tumor is correlated with the presence of a large tumor-inducing plasmid (Ti plasmid) in the bacteria. Thus A.tumefaciens causes crown gall on many dicotyledonous plants; A.rubi causes crown gall on raspberries; A.vitis gall formation on grapes; A.rhizogenes causes hairy roots; A.radiobacter is avirulent. However the ability to cause disease is associated with transmissible plasmids, and this grouping is easily disrupted when plasmids move from one strain to another. More recently Agrobacterium have been classified into 3 biovars based on physiological and biochemical phenotypes without consideration of disease; the 2 classification systems are not compatible. There is now a fully sequenced representative of each biovar publicly available.A.radiobacter K84 is an avirulent biovar II strain used as a biological control agent to prevent crown gall in the field. It does so by producing an antiagrobacterial compound called agrocin 84 to which K84 is resistant but which inhibits other biovar II Agrobacteria. Strain K84 contains 2 chromosomes, only 1 of which has rRNA operons and many essential genes, and 3 plasmids (agrocin 84 production and resistance are encoded on pAgK84). Comparison with other Alphaproteobacteria provides evidence that the second chromosomes of these bacteria are derived from an ancestral plasmid which acquired genes from the primary chromosome. The evidence is supported by analysis of Beta- and Gammaprotobacteria (adapted from PubMed 19251847). (HAMAP: AGRRK)
Taxonomy
Kingdom:Bacteria
Phylum:Proteobacteria
Class:Alphaproteobacteria
Order:Rhizobiales
Family:Rhizobiaceae
Genus:Agrobacterium
Species:tumefaciens
Strain K84
Complete Yes
Sequencing centre (14-MAR-2007) Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Washington Street, Box 0477, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
(28-JAN-2009) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
Sequencing quality NA
Sequencing depth NA
Sequencing method NA
Isolation site NA
Isolation country NA
Number of replicons 5
Gram staining properties Negative
Shape Bacilli
Mobility Yes
Flagellar presence Yes
Number of membranes 2
Oxygen requirements Aerobic
Optimal temperature 25.0
Temperature range Mesophilic
Habitat Terrestrial
Biotic relationship NA
Host name NA
Cell arrangement NA
Sporulation NA
Metabolism NA
Energy source NA
Diseases None
Pathogenicity No
Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
Pentose phosphate pathway
Pentose and glucuronate interconversions
Galactose metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies
Purine metabolism
Caffeine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
Lysine biosynthesis
Lysine degradation
Arginine and proline metabolism
Histidine metabolism
Phenylalanine metabolism
Chlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzene degradation
Benzoate degradation
Fluorobenzoate degradation
Tryptophan metabolism
Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis
beta-Alanine metabolism
Selenocompound metabolism
D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism
D-Arginine and D-ornithine metabolism
D-Alanine metabolism
Glutathione metabolism
Streptomycin biosynthesis
Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
Glycerophospholipid metabolism
Pyruvate metabolism
Toluene degradation
Chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
Nitrotoluene degradation
Propanoate metabolism
Styrene degradation
Butanoate metabolism
C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism
One carbon pool by folate
Thiamine metabolism
Riboflavin metabolism
Vitamin B6 metabolism
Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism
Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
Lipoic acid metabolism
Folate biosynthesis
Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Caprolactam degradation
Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis