Xylella fastidiosa M23
![Xylella_fastidiosa](/system/organisms/images/000/000/680/medium/Xylella_fastidiosa.jpg?1319706411)
Names | Xylella fastidiosa M23 |
---|---|
Accession numbers | NC_010577, NC_010579 |
Background | Xylella fastidiosa is a gram negative, fastidious, xylem-limited bacterium that causes a range of economically important plant diseases including citrus variegated chlorosis disease (CVC) of oranges and other citrus fruits.X. fastidiosa is also know to cause Pierces disease, a lethal disease to grapevines.The bacterium is spread by certain kinds of leafhoppers known as sharpshooters. While snacking, these insects carry the bacterial infection from plant to plant, transferring X. fastidiosa directly into the plant's xylem, the vascular tissues. There, the bacteria multiply, clogging the plant's internal plumbing and blocking the flow of water to leaves. Trees and plants weaken, leaves discolour, and fruits appear prematurely, remaining small, hard and worthless. Other strains cause leaf scorching of woody perennials such as American elm, maple, mulberry, or plum.The genome sequence reveals the presence of homologues of virulence factors in animal pathogens. Also, genes involved in ion-sequestration and the production of toxins and antibiotics were detected. Such genes may have been acquired by X. fastidiosa (via horizontal gene transfer) to respond to plant defence mechanisms or pesticidal control.Xylella fastidiosa was the first plant pathogen and the first plant associated bacterium to have been sequenced.(From http://www.ebi.ac.uk/2can/genomes/bacteria.html) (BacMap) |
Taxonomy | |
Kingdom: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Proteobacteria |
Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
Order: | Xanthomonadales |
Family: | Xanthomonadaceae |
Genus: | Xylella |
Species: | fastidiosa |
Strain | M23 |
Complete | Yes |
Sequencing centre | (11-APR-2008) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA (19-MAR-2008) US DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive B100, Walnut Creek, CA 94598-1698, USA |
Sequencing quality | Level 6: Finished |
Sequencing depth | NA |
Sequencing method | NA |
Isolation site | almond trees in Kern County in the San Joaquin Valley of California |
Isolation country | USA |
Number of replicons | 2 |
Gram staining properties | Negative |
Shape | Bacilli |
Mobility | No |
Flagellar presence | No |
Number of membranes | 2 |
Oxygen requirements | Aerobic |
Optimal temperature | NA |
Temperature range | Mesophilic |
Habitat | HostAssociated |
Biotic relationship | Free living |
Host name | NA |
Cell arrangement | Singles |
Sporulation | NA |
Metabolism | NA |
Energy source | NA |
Diseases | NA |
Pathogenicity | No |
Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
Pentose phosphate pathway
Purine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
Lysine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis
Selenocompound metabolism
D-Alanine metabolism
Streptomycin biosynthesis
Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
Pyruvate metabolism
C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism
One carbon pool by folate
Thiamine metabolism
Riboflavin metabolism
Vitamin B6 metabolism
Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism
Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
Biotin metabolism
Lipoic acid metabolism
Folate biosynthesis
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Sulfur metabolism
Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
Pentose phosphate pathway
Purine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
Lysine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis
Selenocompound metabolism
D-Alanine metabolism
Streptomycin biosynthesis
Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
Pyruvate metabolism
C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism
One carbon pool by folate
Thiamine metabolism
Riboflavin metabolism
Vitamin B6 metabolism
Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism
Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
Biotin metabolism
Lipoic acid metabolism
Folate biosynthesis
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Sulfur metabolism
Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis