Renibacterium salmoninarum ATCC 33209
Names | Renibacterium salmoninarum ATCC 33209 |
---|---|
Accession numbers | NC_010168 |
Background | Renibacterium salmoninarum (strain ATCC 33209 / DSM 20767 / IFO 15589) is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that causes the bacterial kidney disease (BKD) in salmonids. BKD is the most difficult bacterial disease of farmed fish to control, in part because of its dual mode of transmission. R. salmoninarum is transmitted vertically from parent fish to progeny in association with the eggs, as well as horizontally from fish to fish. Additionally treatment is not really effective as the bacterium hides insides the fish cells, such as the white blood cells, which drugs and the immune system penetrate poorly. It is for this same reason that an effective vaccine has not been developed. The only solution to the problem is disinfection of roe, disposal of infected fish and disinfection of the whole fish farming environment. The disease develops gradually with slowly growing mortality. The disease is chronic in nature, and mortality occurs most often in 6- to 12-month-old juvenile salmonids and prespawning adults. It has been detected in fish in freshwater as well as saline waters, in all age groups in wild stocks and in fish culture facilities. Different species of salmonids have different level of susceptibility. It is the greatest cause of infectious disease related mortality in restoration and conservation programs for several endangered species (adapted from PMID18723615). (EBI Integr8) |
Taxonomy | |
Kingdom: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Actinobacteria |
Class: | Actinobacteria |
Order: | Actinomycetales |
Family: | Micrococcaceae |
Genus: | Renibacterium |
Species: | salmoninarum |
Strain | ATCC 33209 |
Complete | Yes |
Sequencing centre | (06-DEC-2007) Resource Enhancement and Utilization Technologies Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA (21-DEC-2007) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA |
Sequencing quality | Level 6: Finished |
Sequencing depth | NA |
Sequencing method | Sanger |
Isolation site | Yearling chinook salmon at a salmon hatchery in Western Oregon |
Isolation country | USA |
Number of replicons | 1 |
Gram staining properties | Positive |
Shape | Cocci |
Mobility | No |
Flagellar presence | No |
Number of membranes | 1 |
Oxygen requirements | Facultative |
Optimal temperature | 15.0 |
Temperature range | Mesophilic |
Habitat | HostAssociated |
Biotic relationship | Free living |
Host name | NA |
Cell arrangement | Singles |
Sporulation | Nonsporulating |
Metabolism | NA |
Energy source | NA |
Diseases | Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) |
Pathogenicity | No |
Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
Pentose phosphate pathway
Galactose metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies
Purine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
Geraniol degradation
Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
Lysine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis
Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
Selenocompound metabolism
D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism
D-Alanine metabolism
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
Pyruvate metabolism
Propanoate metabolism
Butanoate metabolism
C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism
One carbon pool by folate
Thiamine metabolism
Riboflavin metabolism
Vitamin B6 metabolism
Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism
Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
Biotin metabolism
Lipoic acid metabolism
Folate biosynthesis
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Sulfur metabolism
Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
Pentose phosphate pathway
Galactose metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies
Purine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
Geraniol degradation
Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
Lysine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis
Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
Selenocompound metabolism
D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism
D-Alanine metabolism
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
Pyruvate metabolism
Propanoate metabolism
Butanoate metabolism
C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism
One carbon pool by folate
Thiamine metabolism
Riboflavin metabolism
Vitamin B6 metabolism
Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism
Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
Biotin metabolism
Lipoic acid metabolism
Folate biosynthesis
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Sulfur metabolism
Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis