Ignicoccus hospitalis KIN4/I

Ignicoccus_hospitalis
Names Ignicoccus hospitalis KIN4/I
Accession numbers NC_009776
Background An anaerobic chemolithoautotrophic and hyperthermophilic archaeon, Ignicoccus hospitalis was isolated from a submarine hydrothermal system off the coast of Iceland. Optimal growth occurs at 90 degrees C utilizing molecular hydrogen, elemental sulfur, and carbon dioxide as the energy substrate, the electron acceptor, and the carbon source, respectively. It is the obligatory host of Nanoarchaeum equitans; up to a dozen N.equitans can be found on the surface of I.hospitalis without doing any apparent harm to the host. Ignicoccus species are unique among the Archaea in having two cell membranes; together with the cytoplasmic membrane, it encloses a huge periplasmic space, in which membrane-bound vesicles are found. I.hospitalis at 1.3 Mb has one of the smallest genomes among free-living bacteria and archaea, and shows signs of gene exchange with N.equitans as well as gene acquisition from Euryarchaeota and bacteria (adapted from PMID 19000309). (HAMAP: IGNH4)
Taxonomy
Kingdom:Archaea
Phylum:Crenarchaeota
Class:Thermoprotei
Order:Desulfurococcales
Family:Desulfurococcaceae
Genus:Ignicoccus
Species:hospitalis
Strain Kin4/I
Complete Yes
Sequencing centre (06-SEP-2007) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
(27-AUG-2007) US DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive B100, Walnut Creek, CA 94598-1698, USA
Sequencing quality Level 6: Finished
Sequencing depth NA
Sequencing method Sanger
Isolation site "Shallow marine hydrothermal system of the Kolbeinsey Ridge, north of Iceland"
Isolation country Iceland
Number of replicons 1
Gram staining properties Negative
Shape Cocci
Mobility No
Flagellar presence Yes
Number of membranes 2
Oxygen requirements Anaerobic
Optimal temperature NA
Temperature range Hyperthermophilic
Habitat Aquatic
Biotic relationship Symbiotic
Host name NA
Cell arrangement Pairs, Singles
Sporulation Nonsporulating
Metabolism NA
Energy source Chemolithoautotroph
Diseases NA
Pathogenicity No