Sulfurovum sp. NBC37-1

Names Sulfurovum sp. NBC37-1
Accession numbers NC_009663
Background Sulfurovum sp. (strain NBC37-1) is a deep-sea vent microaerobic bacterium phylogenetically associated with the epsilon proteobacteria. This strain was isolated in the vicinity of a deep-sea vent occurring in the Iheya North hydrothermal field, in Okinawa, Japan. This rod-shaped bacterium grows chemolithoautotrophically and can utilize a wide spectrum of electron donors and acceptors (i.e. hydrogen, sulfur compounds, nitrate and oxygen). It can occupy different ecological niches, and its metabolic versatility probably enables it to adapt to the geochemical variability in deep-sea hydrothermal environments. Furthermore, fitting to its metal-rich niche, this strain contains a wide array of mineral transport systems including detoxification mechanisms of heavy metals such as arsenate, cadmium, and copper. It probably has some symbiotic relationship with vent animals. Sulfurovum sp. (strain NBC37-1) genome lacks orthologs of virulence genes of pathogenic epsilon proteobacteria, such as type IV secretion pathway and cag pathogenicity island genes. However, it possesses many virulence genes that were identified in pathogenic epsilon proteobacteria, including genes for virulence factor mviN, hemolysin, invasion antigen ciaB, and lytic murein transglycosylase. Some of the most remarkable virulence genes in deep-sea vent epsilon proteobacteria belong to the N-linked glycosylation (NLG) gene cluster. It is increasingly recognized that pathogenic epsilon proteobacteria have virulence determinants that are not classified as virulence genes in general but do play important roles in virulence. For example, Helicobacter species have a H2-uptake hydrogenase encoded outside the pathogenicity island, which is essential for its efficient initial colonization. Interestingly, strain NBC37-1 has four different hydrogenases (two of H2-uptake type, one H2-sensing type, and one H2-evolving type). (EBI Integr8)
Taxonomy
Kingdom:Bacteria
Phylum:Proteobacteria
Class:Epsilonproteobacteria
Order:NA
Family:NA
Genus:Sulfurovum
Species:NBC37-1
Strain NBC37-1
Complete Yes
Sequencing centre (24-JUL-2007) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
(25-MAY-2006) Yoshihiro Takaki, Japan Agency for Maine-Earth Science and Technology, Extremobiosphere Research
Sequencing quality Level 6: Finished
Sequencing depth NA
Sequencing method Sanger
Isolation site 30-m-tall sulfide mound in the Iheya North field, Japan (water depth, 1,000 m)
Isolation country Japan
Number of replicons 1
Gram staining properties Negative
Shape Bacilli
Mobility No
Flagellar presence No
Number of membranes 2
Oxygen requirements Facultative
Optimal temperature NA
Temperature range Mesophilic
Habitat Specialized
Biotic relationship Free living
Host name NA
Cell arrangement NA
Sporulation NA
Metabolism NA
Energy source Chemolithoautotroph
Diseases None
Pathogenicity No