Streptococcus sanguinis SK36

Streptococcus_sanguinis
Names Streptococcus sanguinis SK36
Accession numbers NC_009009
Background Streptococcus sanguinis, a member of the human indigenous oral microflora, has long been recognized as a key player in the bacterial colonization of the mouth. S. sanguinis directly binds to oral surfaces and serves as a tether for the attachment of a variety of other oral microorganisms which colonize the tooth surface, form dental plaque, and contribute to the etiology of both caries and periodontal disease. Furthermore, S. sanguinis has been long recognized as a leading cause of bacterial endocarditis, a disease of high morbidity which is fatal if untreated. Additionally, S. sanguinis and other viridans streptococci of the mouth are emerging as important bloodstream pathogens in infections which threaten neutropenic patients (patients with decreased numbers of neutrophils in their blood). The reasons underlying this previously unrecognized virulence now elicited by the viridans streptococci are unknown. Such infections are being compounded by the increasing frequency with which penicillin resistance is being observed in this group of organisms. Some of the more central features of S. sanguinis include production of glucans from sucrose, platelet binding, binding to extracellular matrix proteins (e.g., laminin, fibronectin), binding to salivary proteins, ability to specifically co-aggregate with other oral microflora, and genetic competence (adapted from http://www.sanguinis.mic.vcu.edu/background.htm). (EBI Integr8)
Taxonomy
Kingdom:Bacteria
Phylum:Firmicutes
Class:Bacilli
Order:Lactobacillales
Family:Streptococcaceae
Genus:Streptococcus
Species:sanguinis
Strain SK36
Complete Yes
Sequencing centre (03-NOV-2000) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
(07-JUN-2006) Virginia Commonwealth University, Philips Institute, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
Sequencing quality Level 6: Finished
Sequencing depth NA
Sequencing method Sanger
Isolation site isolated from human dental plaque
Isolation country NA
Number of replicons 1
Gram staining properties Positive
Shape Cocci
Mobility No
Flagellar presence NA
Number of membranes 1
Oxygen requirements Facultative
Optimal temperature NA
Temperature range Mesophilic
Habitat HostAssociated
Biotic relationship Free living
Host name Homo sapiens
Cell arrangement Chains, Pairs
Sporulation Nonsporulating
Metabolism NA
Energy source NA
Diseases Endocarditis
Pathogenicity Yes