Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica LVS

Francisella_tularensis
Names Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica LVS
Accession numbers NC_007880
Background Francisella tularensis is a non-motile, aerobic, rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium and is the causative agent of tularemia. Tularemia can affect both humans and animals. The subspecies tularensis (Type A) and holarctica (Type B) are the ones most commonly associated with the human disease. Its natural hosts are rabbits, hares, beavers and other rodents, as well as flies and mosquitos. The disease can be transmitted by different ways: through scratches or bites from animals, through consumption of contaminated meat or water or through inhalation of bacteria. The symptoms developed by infected people directly reflect the mode of transmission: pneumonia-like illness for the airborne transmission; throat infection, stomach pain, diarrhea and vomiting for the gastrointestinal transmission; apparition of a sore at the entry point of the bacteria and swelling of the draining lymph nodes for transmission via skin wounds. Tularemia can be treated with antibiotics, but without therapy the mortality rate of respiratory tularemia can be as high as 5-30%. F.tularensis is very infectious and ten cells are sufficient to cause infection in humans. The bacterium can survive for weeks at low temperatures in water, soil or animal carcasses. During World War II, the use of F.tularensis as a biological weapon was studied by Japan, Soviet Union and USA. Strain WY96-3418 was isolated from a human finger wound in 1996. (EBI Integr8)
Taxonomy
Kingdom:Bacteria
Phylum:Proteobacteria
Class:Gammaproteobacteria
Order:Thiotrichales
Family:Francisellaceae
Genus:Francisella
Species:tularensis
Strain LVS
Complete Yes
Sequencing centre (08-MAR-2006) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
(22-FEB-2006) Larimer F.W., Genome Analysis Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
Sequencing quality Level 6: Finished
Sequencing depth NA
Sequencing method NA
Isolation site Human case of tularemia in 1951
Isolation country NA
Number of replicons 1
Gram staining properties Negative
Shape Bacilli
Mobility No
Flagellar presence No
Number of membranes 2
Oxygen requirements Aerobic
Optimal temperature NA
Temperature range Mesophilic
Habitat HostAssociated
Biotic relationship Free living
Host name Homo sapiens
Cell arrangement Singles
Sporulation Nonsporulating
Metabolism NA
Energy source NA
Diseases Tularemia
Pathogenicity Yes