Shigella sonnei Ss046

Shigella_sonnei
Names Shigella sonnei Ss046
Accession numbers NC_007384, NC_007385, NC_009345, NC_009346, NC_009347
Background Shigella is a Gram-negative, non-sporulating, facultative anaerobe bacterium that causes dysentery or shigellosis in man. Shigella are highly invasive in the colon and the rectum, and are able to proliferate in the host cell cytoplasm, triggering an inflammatory reaction. Shigella was recognized as the etiologic agent for bacillary dysentery in the 1890's, and adopted as a genus in the 1950's and subgrouped into four species. However, a recent genetic study argues that Shigella emerged from multiple independent origins of E.coli 35'000-270'000 years ago and may not constitute a genus. Comparison of 20 E.coli/Shigella strains shows the core genome to be about 2000 genes while the pan-genome has over 18,000 genes. There are multiple, striking integration hotspots that are conserved across the genomes, corresponding to regions of abundant and parallel insertions and deletions of genetic material.Shigella sonnei is largely associated with epidemic episodes in industrialized nations. Shigella sonnei (strain Ss046) was isolated from epidemics in China during the 1950's. The Shigella pathogenicity island SHI-1 is absent from the strain Ss046 but SHI-2 is present but unlinked with the selC gene. It has lost flagellar function due to muations in several different genes. It possesses remnants of the Stx-phage phi P27. (HAMAP: SHISS)
Taxonomy
Kingdom:Bacteria
Phylum:Proteobacteria
Class:Gammaproteobacteria
Order:Enterobacteriales
Family:Enterobacteriaceae
Genus:Shigella
Species:sonnei
Strain Ss046
Complete Yes
Sequencing centre (09-SEP-2005) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
(29-OCT-2004) State Key Laboratory for Moleclular Virology and Genetic Engineering, Microbial Genome Center of
Sequencing quality Level 6: Finished
Sequencing depth NA
Sequencing method NA
Isolation site Epidemic in China in 1950s
Isolation country China
Number of replicons 5
Gram staining properties Negative
Shape Bacilli
Mobility No
Flagellar presence No
Number of membranes 2
Oxygen requirements Facultative
Optimal temperature 37.0
Temperature range Mesophilic
Habitat HostAssociated
Biotic relationship Free living
Host name Homo sapiens
Cell arrangement Pairs, Singles
Sporulation Nonsporulating
Metabolism NA
Energy source Chemoorganotroph
Diseases Dysentery
Pathogenicity Yes