Thermobifida fusca YX
Names | Thermobifida fusca YX |
---|---|
Accession numbers | NC_007333 |
Background | Thermobifida fusca, formerly known as Thermomonaspora fusca, is a moderate thermophilic soil bacterium (growth temperature 55 degrees Celsius) that is a major degrader of plant cell walls in heated organic materials such as compost heaps, rotting hay, manure piles or mushroom growth medium. It produces spores, which can be allergenic and causes the Farmer's lung disease (extrinsic allergic alveolitis). Its extracellular enzymes, including cellulases, have been studied because of their thermostability, broad pH range and high activity. It appears to degrade all major plant cell wall polymers except lignin and pectin and is able to grow on most simple sugars and carboxylic acids. Six different cellulases have been identified. Secreted cellulases have great biotechnological promise for utilization in the degradation of agricultural products and waste to produce sugars that can be subsequently converted to ethanol. Thermobifida fusca has a complete set of proteins comprising a sec system as well as the TAT system. Eight ABC disaccharide transporter cassettes were identified. A siderophore transport system, a siderophore biosynthesis cluster as well as a ferrous iron transport protein were identified. There are also four additional heavy metal transport systems. Thermobifida fusca is able to synthesize and metabolize saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, as well as phospholipids, glycolipids and isoprenoids. (EBI Integr8) |
Taxonomy | |
Kingdom: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Actinobacteria |
Class: | Actinobacteria |
Order: | Actinomycetales |
Family: | Nocardiopsaceae |
Genus: | Thermobifida |
Species: | fusca |
Strain | YX |
Complete | Yes |
Sequencing centre | (10-AUG-2005) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA (25-JUL-2005) US DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive B100, Walnut Creek, CA 94598-1698, USA |
Sequencing quality | Level 6: Finished |
Sequencing depth | NA |
Sequencing method | NA |
Isolation site | compost pile in the 1970's |
Isolation country | NA |
Number of replicons | 1 |
Gram staining properties | Positive |
Shape | Bacilli |
Mobility | Yes |
Flagellar presence | No |
Number of membranes | 1 |
Oxygen requirements | Aerobic |
Optimal temperature | 50.0 |
Temperature range | Thermophilic |
Habitat | Multiple |
Biotic relationship | Free living |
Host name | Homo sapiens |
Cell arrangement | NA |
Sporulation | Sporulating |
Metabolism | Cellulose degrader Degrades organic material |
Energy source | NA |
Diseases | Mushroom worker's disease, farmer's lung disease |
Pathogenicity | No |
Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
Pentose phosphate pathway
Fatty acid metabolism
Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies
Purine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
Lysine biosynthesis
Arginine and proline metabolism
Histidine metabolism
Bisphenol degradation
Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis
Selenocompound metabolism
D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism
D-Alanine metabolism
Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
Pyruvate metabolism
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism
One carbon pool by folate
Thiamine metabolism
Riboflavin metabolism
Vitamin B6 metabolism
Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism
Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
Lipoic acid metabolism
Folate biosynthesis
Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of type II polyketide backbone
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
Pentose phosphate pathway
Fatty acid metabolism
Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies
Purine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
Lysine biosynthesis
Arginine and proline metabolism
Histidine metabolism
Bisphenol degradation
Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis
Selenocompound metabolism
D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism
D-Alanine metabolism
Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
Pyruvate metabolism
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism
One carbon pool by folate
Thiamine metabolism
Riboflavin metabolism
Vitamin B6 metabolism
Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism
Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
Lipoic acid metabolism
Folate biosynthesis
Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of type II polyketide backbone