Caldicellulosiruptor kristjanssonii 177R1B

Caldicellulosiruptor_kristjanssonii
Names Caldicellulosiruptor kristjanssonii 177R1B
Accession numbers NC_014719, NC_014721
Background Cellulolytic capability is widely distributed across the domain bacteria and extremely thermophilic cellulose-degrading microorganisms are of particular fundamental and biotechnological interest owing to the presence of highly thermostable enzymes. Caldicellulosiruptor kristjanssonii (strain ATCC 700853 / DSM 12137 / I77R1B) is a strictly anaerobic, cellulolytic, non-spore-forming, extremely thermophilic, Gram-positive bacterium isolated from a an enrichment culture grown at 78 degrees Celsius with Avicel as substrate and inoculated with a biomat sample from a slightly alkaline (pH 8.7) Icelandic hot spring. Cells are non-motile and rod-shaped cells with rounded ends, 2.8-9-4 pm long and 0.7-1.0 pm wide. Cells occur singly, in pairs and in short chains. Longer cells and chains of cells are observed under non-optimal conditions of temperature and pH. Colonies are 0.5-1.0 mm, flat, cream in color and had a fringed edge. C. kristjanssonii grows between 50-82 degrees Celsius with an optimum growth temperature around 78 degrees Celsius. At 70 degrees Celsius, growth occurs at pH 5.8-8.0 with an optimum pH at approximately 7.0. At 70 degrees Celsius, it is sensitive to chloramphenicol, neomycin, penicillin-S, streptomycin, tetracycline and vancomycin. During growth on Avicel, C. kristjanssonii produced acetate, hydrogen and carbon dioxide as major fermentation products together with small amounts of lactic acid and ethanol. The strain fermentes many substrates, including cellulose, xylan, starch and pectin, but does not grow with casein peptone, pyruvate, D-ribose or yeast extract and does not reduce thiosulfate to H2S. (Adapted from PMID: 21216991 and 10425755). (EBI Integr8)
Taxonomy
Kingdom:Bacteria
Phylum:Firmicutes
Class:Clostridia
Order:Thermoanaerobacterales
Family:Thermoanaerobacterales Family III. Incertae Sedis
Genus:Caldicellulosiruptor
Species:kristjanssonii
Strain 177R1B
Complete Yes
Sequencing centre (10-NOV-2010) US DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive B310, Walnut Creek, CA 94598-1698, USA
(19-NOV-2010) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
Sequencing quality Level 6: Finished
Sequencing depth NA
Sequencing method Illumina, 454
Isolation site Hot spring biomat; Iceland
Isolation country Iceland
Number of replicons 2
Gram staining properties Negative
Shape Bacilli
Mobility No
Flagellar presence No
Number of membranes 1
Oxygen requirements Anaerobic
Optimal temperature 78.0
Temperature range Hyperthermophilic
Habitat Specialized
Biotic relationship Free living
Host name NA
Cell arrangement Pairs, Singles
Sporulation Nonsporulating
Metabolism Biomass degrader
Cellulose degrader
Nitrogen producer
Energy source NA
Diseases NA
Pathogenicity No