Caldicellulosiruptor hydrothermalis 108

Names Caldicellulosiruptor hydrothermalis 108
Accession numbers NC_014652
Background Cellulolytic capability is widely distributed across the domain bacteria and extremely thermophilic cellulose-degrading microorganisms are of particular fundamental and biotechnological interest owing to the presence of highly thermostable enzymes. Caldicellulosiruptor hydrothermalis (strain DSM 18901 / VKM B-2411 / 108) is a strictly anaerobic, cellulolytic, non-spore-forming, extremely thermophilic, Gram-positive bacterium isolated from a terrestrial neutral geothermal spring in the southern region of Kamchatka (Far East, Russia). Cells are short, straight rods (3-3.2 x 0.5-0.7 mm) with flagella. Temperature range for growth is between 70-78 degrees Celsius, with optimum growth at 79 degrees Celsius. The pH range for growth is between 6.0-8.0, with optimum growth at pH 7.0. It is a chemo-organoheterotroph which is capable of fermenting a wide spectrum of carbohydrates (cellulose, starch, xylan, dextran, pectin, cellobiose, glucose, fructose, sucrose, xylose, maltose, galactose, lactose, arabinose, mannitol and yeast extract). It does not grow with pyruvate, chitin, raffinose, trehalose, ribose or peptone. It possesses an inverted region that could exist outside of the chromosome. With optimal growth temperatures ranging from 70-78 degrees Celsius, the genus Caldicellulosiruptor contains the most thermophilic microorganisms capable of biological cellulose hydrolysis known. (Adapted from PMID: 21216991 and 18523201). (EBI Integr8)
Taxonomy
Kingdom:Bacteria
Phylum:Firmicutes
Class:Clostridia
Order:Thermoanaerobacterales
Family:Thermoanaerobacterales Family III. Incertae Sedis
Genus:Caldicellulosiruptor
Species:hydrothermalis
Strain 108
Complete Yes
Sequencing centre (12-NOV-2010) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
(23-SEP-2010) US DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive B310, Walnut Creek, CA 94598-1698, USA
Sequencing quality Level 6: Finished
Sequencing depth NA
Sequencing method 454, Illumina
Isolation site Terrestrial neutral geothermal spring; Russia, Kamchatka
Isolation country Russia
Number of replicons 1
Gram staining properties Positive
Shape Bacilli
Mobility No
Flagellar presence Yes
Number of membranes 1
Oxygen requirements Anaerobic
Optimal temperature 65.0
Temperature range Hyperthermophilic
Habitat Specialized
Biotic relationship Free living
Host name NA
Cell arrangement Pairs, Singles
Sporulation Nonsporulating
Metabolism Biomass degrader
Cellulose degrader
Nitrogen producer
Energy source NA
Diseases NA
Pathogenicity No