Ilyobacter polytropus DSM 2926

Ilyobacter_polytropus
Names Ilyobacter polytropus DSM 2926
Accession numbers NC_014632, NC_014633, NC_014634
Background Ilyobacter polytropus (strain DSM 2926 / CuHBu1) is a strictly anaerobic, chemoorganotroph, non spore-forming Gram-negative bacterium isolated from marine anoxic mud in Cuxhaven, Germany. The cells are generally rod-shaped (0.7-1.5-3.0 um) with rounded ends and show irregularly elongated rods, when grown on glucose and fructose containing media. They are usually arranged in pairs or chains. The organism is nonmotile and no flagellar genes have been found in the genome. I.polytropus also grows in salt water medium or brackish water medium containing 1% NaCl and 0.15% MgCl2.6H2O. Phosphate (up to 50 mM) does not inhibit growth of I. polytropus, when grown on 3-hydroxybutyrate. The temperature range for growth is between 10 and 35 degrees Celsius, with an optimum at 30 degrees Celsius. The organism does not grow at 4 or at 40 degrees Celsius . The pH range for growth is between 6.5-8.5, with an optimum at pH 7.0-7.5. I. polytropus shows acetate kinase, phosphate acetyl transferase and hydrogenase activities, which are sufficient for involvement in dissimilatory metabolism. I. polytropus maintains its energy metabolism exclusively by substrate-linked phosphorylation reactions. It differs from other anaerobes because it exhibits broad versatility in its use of various fermentation pathways. It is able to ferment 3-hydroxybutyrate and crotonate to acetate and butyrate, glycerol to 1,3-propanediol and 3-hydroxypropionate, malate and fumarate to acetate, formate and propionate, and glucose and fructose to acetate, formate and ethanol. It is also able to ferment a variety of sugars and organic acids. However, pathway regulation is reported as enigmatic because neither propionate nor butyrate are formed during glucose or fructose fermentation, although the necessary enzymes are present. I. polytropus is of ecological interest because the organism does not degrade poly-hydroxybutyrate but only the monomeric form of 3-hydroxybutyrate. Metabolism of the polymer appears to be confined to aerobic microbial communities. (Adapted from: http://standardsingenomics.org/index.php/sigen/article/view/sigs.1273360). (EBI Integr8)
Taxonomy
Kingdom:Bacteria
Phylum:Fusobacteria
Class:Fusobacteria
Order:Fusobacteriales
Family:Fusobacteriaceae
Genus:Ilyobacter
Species:polytropus
Strain DSM 2926
Complete Yes
Sequencing centre (18-OCT-2010) US DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598-1698, USA
(25-OCT-2010) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
Sequencing quality Level 6: Finished
Sequencing depth NA
Sequencing method NA
Isolation site Marine anoxic mud from Cuxhaven, Germany
Isolation country Germany
Number of replicons 3
Gram staining properties Negative
Shape Bacilli
Mobility No
Flagellar presence No
Number of membranes 2
Oxygen requirements Anaerobic
Optimal temperature 32.2
Temperature range Mesophilic
Habitat Aquatic
Biotic relationship Free living
Host name NA
Cell arrangement NA
Sporulation Nonsporulating
Metabolism NA
Energy source Chemoorganotroph
Diseases NA
Pathogenicity No