Streptococcus gallolyticus UCN34

Streptococcus_gallolyticus
Names Streptococcus gallolyticus UCN34
Accession numbers NC_013798
Background Streptococcus gallolyticus (strain UCN34) is a commensal Gram-positive bacterium isolated from various habitats, including feces of many animals and from human clinical sources. S. gallolyticus is part of the rumen flora but also a cause of disease in ruminants as well as in birds (septicemia in pigeons, outbreaks in broiler flocks, or bovine mastitis). It is responsible for endocarditis in a patient also suffering from colon cancer. This bacterium has been named "gallolyticus" as it is able to decarboxylate gallate, an organic acid derived from tannin degradation. S. gallolyticus has the capacity to use a broad range of carbohydrates of plant origin, in particular to degrade polysaccharides derived from the plant cell wall. Its genome encodes a large repertoire of transporters and catalytic activities, like tannase (resistance to tannins), phenolic compounds decarboxylase, and bile salt hydrolase that should contribute to the detoxification of the gut environment. Furthermore, S. gallolyticus synthesizes all 20 amino acids and more vitamins than any other sequenced Streptococcus species. Many of the genes encoding these specific functions were likely acquired by lateral gene transfer from other bacterial species present in the rumen. The surface properties of strain UCN34 may also contribute to its virulence. A polysaccharide capsule might be implicated in resistance to innate immunity defenses, and glucan mucopolysaccharides, three types of pili, and collagen binding proteins may play a role in adhesion to tissues in the course of endocarditis. (Adapted from PMID: 20139183). (EBI Integr8)
Taxonomy
Kingdom:Bacteria
Phylum:Firmicutes
Class:Bacilli
Order:Lactobacillales
Family:Streptococcaceae
Genus:Streptococcus
Species:gallolyticus
Strain UCN34
Complete Yes
Sequencing centre (11-FEB-2010) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
(23-NOV-2009) Rusniok C., Unite de Biologie des Bacteries Intracellulaires, Institut Pasteur, 25, 28 rue du Docteur Roux,
Sequencing quality Level 6: Finished
Sequencing depth NA
Sequencing method WGS
Isolation site NA
Isolation country NA
Number of replicons 1
Gram staining properties Positive
Shape Cocci
Mobility No
Flagellar presence No
Number of membranes 1
Oxygen requirements Anaerobic
Optimal temperature NA
Temperature range Mesophilic
Habitat HostAssociated
Biotic relationship Free living
Host name Homo sapiens
Cell arrangement Chains, Pairs
Sporulation Nonsporulating
Metabolism NA
Energy source NA
Diseases NA
Pathogenicity Yes